What is a fistula? Symptoms, photos, fistula treatment

When learning about what a fistula is and what are its causes, you need to familiarize yourself with the following positions:

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  if a person is confronted with chronic periodontitis, fistulas can start from the roots of the tooth, passing through the gum and jaw;


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  if the body has an inflammatoryprocess, then its effects usually heal for a long time. And if the inflammation has not yet been completely eliminated, putrefaction may begin in the depths of the tissues. As a result, purulent fistula is formed;


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  Often the problem occurs when suppuration of postoperative sutures;


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  when gunshot wounds in the case where it was impossible to remove a bullet or a splinter, there may be a faintness next to it, which eventually causes the fistula.

Symptoms

Different fistulas have their own symptomatology, distinguishing one type of problem from another. The signs of a fistula in the rectum are:

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  A small hole near the anus, through which, as a rule, pus is released. In this regard, patients have the need to wear pads, as well as taking several times a day shower;


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  painful sensations near the anus. As a rule, they are noisy. The strongest are at the time of defecation. They subside only after a certain time after this.

When we talk about bronchial fistulas, then by symptomatology we usually mean a specific endobronchitis that gives out the appearance of fistulas.
In the case, when you comprehended the fistula that hit the gum, the symptoms are as follows:

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  toothache, which begins to increase when touched;


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  presence of purulent discharge that comes from the fistula;


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  mobile teeth.

Diagnostic measures

Activities related to diagnostics do not createusually special difficulties. Take into account complaints from patients, the history of the disease, the type of fistula, and the amount of pus that is released from it.

According to doctors, qualitative refinementDiagnosis is facilitated by research procedures that allow to detect the level of hydrochloric acid. Such a diagnosis perfectly determines the presence or, on the contrary, the absence of fistulas in the stomach.

When we talk about urinary fistula, they are given the characteristic presence of uric acid salts.

Treatment and preventive measures

Usually fistulas are surgicalintervention. Many of them purulent, which were formed as a result of the operation, are eliminated by removing ligatures. In this case, a clamp stopping blood comes to the rescue.

In addition to eliminating the focus of inflammation, moreget rid of the fistula epithelium. If the fistulas are congenital, then their doctors are removed solely through surgical intervention, carrying out this procedure during the first days of the patient's life. Otherwise, the baby may just die in the first days after it was born. In this case, according to experts, the festering canals of fistulas are almost not closed.

Particularly problematic in terms of treatment are consideredlabial fistulas, since the operations aimed at getting rid of them are of a radical nature. This is suturing the opening of the genital organ after the mobilization of its walls.

Prevention of those fistulas that areacquired, not congenital, should include the prevention of infections. It is necessary to follow the aseptic rules during the solution of the problem surgically.

As for congenital fistulas, here no preventive measures will help because the ailment appears in the first three months of pregnancy.

If you know that you have encountered a fistula or have such suspicions, contact the doctor in time for help.