Walnut: cultivation and care. How, when and where to plant a walnut seed and seedlings in the middle belt of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus
Walnut is a guest from Central Asia. On the territory of the Slavic lands, he fell a thousand years ago by the forces of Greek traders. Today, the plant is found in most of Europe, the Caucasus, Belarus and Ukraine. Since the kernels of the walnut are not only tasty, but also useful, the culture is called by a multitude of symbolic names: the tree of life, the food of the heroes, the acorn of the gods. It's enough just two walnut trees in the garden to get enough of the healing crop.
Durable and unpretentious culture does not liveless than 350-400 years. To absorb its useful fruits and hide in a broad shadow can as many as five generations of the same family. If you are just starting to equip your garden and think about planting a family tree, we recommend that you look at the walnut plant. Cultivation and care, reproduction and fertilization, elimination of pests and other important points should be studied in advance.
Walnut: cultivation and care in the middle lane of Russia
Walnut is a very unpretentious tree. A cold-resistant plant is grown in the country as a decorative and valuable fruit crop. Despite the unpretentiousness of the nut, gardeners have to put a lot of effort to grow a healthy and full yield. Certainly, the walnut tree grows better in a mild climate, because it is considered warm and light-loving. But even a low temperature it can successfully carry, thanks to the propensity to self-recovery. Sprouts and shoots, killed by winter frosts, are replaced with new ones with the advent of spring. Walnut is a strong allergen, like other nuts. It is worth considering if you are allergic to this product. Aphrodisiac.
With the passage of time, experienced breedersespecially valuable frost-resistant varieties of walnut plants. Cultivation and care in the middle zone of Russia and the suburbs is not only possible, but even enjoyable. A powerful tree root system can penetrate deep into the soil and hide in warm soil for a period of frost. To grow a walnut in the suburbs (Astakhovsky and others), choose the following varieties:
"Moscow Region"
Sadko
"Ideal" and others, not needing winter shelter seedlings.
Walnut at home
Walnut in Belarus and Ukraine growsapproximately the same. In this case, the planting of walnut in the suburbs and the strict climatic conditions of the rest of the country is somewhat different. Among all possible methods of propagation of culture, the most common are seed and vegetative. Of course, you can buy a 4-year-old tree with a partially formed crown. So it's easiest to save the bulk of varietal traits. But it is much more pleasant to grow a plant from seeds, having applied to it all its efforts.
The planting of walnut from walnut begins fromcorrect selection of inoculum. Seeds are selected from local varieties of trees. The selected nuts must necessarily be ripe, whole and large. As soon as the upper green layer starts to crack, the fruit can be considered ready. Drying is carried out in a warm room at room temperature. For a more rapid germination of seeds, stratification is made: for varieties with a thin shell - 45 days at 17C, for varieties from a thick shell - 100 days at 2-7C.
To grow a tree from a walnut proceedin April. Disembarkation is carried out in a fertile, previously prepared soil. Large fruit is laid to a depth of 10 cm, and small - 7-8 cm. The correct planting of the walnut assumes the location of the seeds in the hole is not exactly, and on the rib - sideways. Landing in the open ground significantly slows down the process, full saplings suitable for transplanting into the garden, will not be formed until 5-6 years later. In this regard, it is recommended to grow seedlings from seeds in a specially equipped film greenhouse. Already at the end of the second year the plant will be ready for transplanting into the open ground.
To properly grow a walnut in the home and provide him with proper care, it is worth reading the detailed information in the video:
Where is better to plant a walnut in the garden
Where is better to plant a walnut in the garden - one of theimportant issues. After all, the choice of a place for planting depends on the rate of growth and development, as well as the abundance of the crop. Ideally, on the site choose a place with good lighting and full ventilation. So the plant will receive all the conditions for rapid formation. Territories, already filled with trees - not the best option. Planting a nut in such a place is fraught with slower growth of the crown, gradual fading and rapid aging.
The ideal area is near the barn and summer kitchen, orThe same behind the house where the young plant will not be harmed by the shadow from the adult trees. The normal distance for a walnut landing is more than 6 meters. Soil must be prepared in advance. A heavily waterlogged or taut soil is not very suitable. But carbonate loams with moderate moisture are a good option.
Walnut: planting a seedling
Planting a walnut seedlings involvesconsiderable work, especially at first. Planting material is prepared and sorted: healthy without disease seedlings are left unchanged, the damaged ones are processed, removing unnecessary places. In most cases, planting is done in the spring, but warm regions can hold the process even in warm autumn.
Since the cultivation of such a culture is based oncompetent and correct planting of plants in the open ground, and also agricultural technology is used, even the most seemingly insignificant conditions must be observed:
The optimal size of the wells for seedlings is 0,7 mx 0,7 mx 0,7 m. But at the same time the depth index should always be 20 cm longer than the root length.
Before laying the seedling, half the holefilled with soil mixed with humus. Only after this, the rhizome, treated with a growth stimulant, is lowered into the pit. After falling asleep, the root collar of the seedlings must remain above the ground level.
At the end of planting, the soil is moistened abundantly and mulched with peat chips, sawdust or other similar material.
In the warm spring-summer period, the young plant needs additional irrigation. For this, 2-3 buckets of water are poured under each seedling. (Photo9)
Care for walnuts is also in the feeding. Before and after the moment of fruiting, the soil is fertilized with phosphate-potassium and nitrogenous additives.
Pruning for the purpose of forming crowns is produced only for young representatives of culture. Adult individuals do not need special circumcision.
Harvest time is determined by the pericarp. As soon as the greens begin to crack nuts can be collected, then cleaned, washed, dried and eaten.
You can buy walnuts in the markets, Auchan, as well as Avito. The price fluctuates around 550 rubles / kg.
With a competent planting and proper care of the plant, the harvest will not be long in coming. And in order to deepen knowledge about walnuts, growing and caring for it, we recommend you watch the video:
