How to choose a lens

Standard lenses that come withcameras, most often do not have enough zoom or the desired aperture, so sooner or later there is a need to buy one or more new lenses.

To select a lens, you need to pay attention to it diaphragm, due to which the matrix of the camerathis or that quantity of light falls. As a rule, standard lenses have a diaphragm 3.5-5.6. For shooting in the studio, this will be enough, but in an open-air this light may seem too small. In addition, a small diaphragm will not allow you to create a bokeh, which is so fond of photo artists. Bokeh is a complete blur of those objects that are in the photo out of focus.

In this case, your choice should be stopped by high-power lenses with a diaphragm at least 2.8. There are also options 1.8, 1.4 and even 1.2. Lenses with such a high aperture will be very expensive, but the quality of the received photos is worth it. If you are interested in such a genre as a portrait, consider that in portrait photography, the larger the aperture, the better. It should be remembered that relative values ​​are used to determine the numerical value of the aperture. For example, a diaphragm, designated as 2.8, is larger than the one that is signed as 3.5, since their values ​​are mathematically equal to 1 / 2.8 and 1 / 3.5.

Still it is necessary to talk about focal length, as it must also be taken into account tochoose the right lens. It is from the focal length that the shooting angle depends. The smaller it is, the wider this angle. For example, a standard lens that comes with a camera has a minimum value of 18 millimeters, which provides a fairly wide angle and allows not only to shoot landscapes, but also to take pictures in small rooms. Potentated lenses are those whose focal length is 50, 85 or 135 millimeters.

It is also worth noting that you can choose the lens as fixed, and with variable focal length. The latter option is most convenient forreportage photographers who do not always get close to the subject of photography. Typically, these telephoto lenses have a focal length of 75-200 millimeters, but there are many other options. You can also find on sale so-called ultra-wide-angle lenses with a focal length of only 8 millimeters, allowing you to shoot almost at an unfolded angle. It is worth noting that the use of such lenses in the premises creates a rather interesting distortion effect at the edges of the frame.

Separately, we should talk about lenses of the type tilt-shift. Their peculiarity is that such lenses haveThe possibility of shifting certain lenses perpendicular to the optical axis for a distance of up to 11 millimeters. They are used to correct the perspective, due to what they create in the photos quite interesting effects. All lenses of this type are completely manual, that is, they do not have automatic focusing.

Finally, it must be said that in order to choose the lens, it is necessary first of all to make sure that it is suitable for the bayonet of your camera, as well as determine the type of filming, which will involve new lenses.