Joshta - what is it? Planting and rearing, nursing, breeding, pests and diseases of the bush yoshty
The meaning of summer work is to createan amazing kind of flower beds and the cultivation of trees and shrubs, pleasing owners of succulent fruits in exchange for quality care. Today's summer residents are slightly different from the Soviet. They rarely stop at cultivating traditional crops (pears, apple trees, plums, etc.), preferring them to new, unusual and experimental ones. Among these strange plants is a berry with an unusual name of joshta. The new culture has already secured the trust of thousands of gardeners, and wine and jam from yoshty has long occupied an honorable place on the shelves of storerooms.
Yoshta. What is this: photo
Before you start growing anyplants, it is necessary to get acquainted with the description, its features and distinctive features. The same applies to the Yosht shrub. What is this we learn next.
Joshta - interspecies hybrid of gooseberries and currants,over which experienced breeders worked for more than 100 years. For a long time, experiments did not yield positive results, but in the 70s, the brush of yoshty began to bear fruit for the first time. Today gardeners and truck farmers are more attracted by the absence of spikes on branches and uneven ripening of berries. Due to this, the harvest remains on the branches for a long time, does not decay and does not crumble into the open ground.
The josht plant is powerful and sprawling, its flowerbeautiful and large. The shoots reach 1.5-2 m in length. The leaves are shaped like currants, but are devoid of a specific spicy flavor. The berries are covered with dense skin, are painted in red-violet color. The berries of some varieties have a characteristic pattern left over from gooseberry. Flowers yoshty usually large, fruits large, oval.
The first harvest is observed for 4 years after disembarkation. In one place a bush can bear fruit not less than 15-20 years. In a successful year with a quality care from one bush they collect about 10 kg of berries.
For more information about what a joshta is, see the video:
Joshta: planting, care and reproduction
Planting, care and reproduction of yoshty are similar in many respectswith the cultivation of black currant and gooseberry. The basic information about this hybrid can be easily remembered, quickly mastered and implemented in the course of gardening.
Planting yoshty for harvesting is performed in an open well-lit area, on fertile soil areas.
Plant shrubs can be both in spring and in autumn. But before planting the material must be carefully inspected for damage and remove suspicious places.
The landing pit should correspond to specific parameters: depth - 40 cm, width - 50 cm. Step for planting bushes - 1,5-2 m. In the pit add humus, compost, wood ash and substrate.
During the planting, the roots are neatly spread and carefully covered with soil. In the end, the soil is well tamped. After planting, the stems are cut off, leaving 3-4 buds on each.
Pruning yoshty in the fall is not necessary. It is enough to produce sanitary circumcision of the branches in the spring.
To improve the fertility, you can fertilize Yoshtya shrub in early summer. As a top dressing use diluted with water mullein or diluted bird droppings.
Reproduction yoshty produced cuttings, bush division, seeds, horizontal and arc-shaped layers.
Joshta: diseases and pests
Harvesting yoshty berries, many gardenersthink about the fact that the basket could be heavier. Unfortunately, sometimes we have to share with the hated parasites - mites, tortellites, aphids, etc. And despite the fact that the yoshta is a disease-resistant hybrid, some of the enemies still annoy him. In addition, the damage caused to bushes by insects is quite palpable: in the winter they spoil the root system, and in the summer they are sap from leaves and stems.
If you decide to grow joshtu, diseases and pests should be studied in advance:
Gray bud weevils - pests attackingfruit and berry crops. The yield is observed in early spring. The insects eat unblown kidneys, and later - leaves and buds. The method of protection is spraying with special chemicals.
The sawflies are bare larvae with 10 pairs of paws. Adult individuals are black. Hibernating insects in cocoons in the soil, pupate in early spring, then go hunting. Female lay eggs in the lower layer of the epidermis leaf. Born larvae eat green, leaving only veins. The method of protection - collect manually, shake off branches, spray biopreparations enterobacterin.
The pincer mite is a pest of the Eryophidae family,which parasitizes inside the leaves and kidneys. Damaged parts of the bush acquire a motley color. Typically, the mite appears in early spring, and females remain in the soil for the winter. The parasite is carried by planting material, birds and humans. The method of protection - to remove damaged swollen buds, branches with damaged places to cut.
There are also other diseases and pests that plague yoshti shrubs, but they are rare in relation to gooseberries and currants.
Yoshta varieties for the Moscow region and the middle belt
The varieties of yoshty differ little among themselves. But you should still consider them in more detail in order to make an ideal choice for a specific site in certain climatic conditions. Among the popular today, we can distinguish the following:
Crohn - a hybrid of currants and gooseberries, bredin the territory of Sweden. The length of the standard shoot on the bush is 1.5 m. There are no characteristic spiny gooseberries. Leaves are small, shiny, without a bright currant flavor. Each branch can contain several brushes for 5-7 berries. This hybrid is resistant to many diseases and pests, so it is in great demand among beginners and gardeners.
EMB is a variety bred on the territory of England. From the currant - kidney, color of the bark and leaves, lack of thorns; from gooseberry - the shape and aroma of the leaves. Often, a yosht bush of this variety reaches 2 m in height and about the same size in width. Berries EMB are more like gooseberries, both in taste and in appearance. The first fruits appear not earlier than 2 months after flowering shrubs. Specialists consider this variety to be unpretentious and drought-resistant.
Yokhalina is an ideal hybrid for growing onterritory of Russia. The variety is characterized by high yield and resistance to unfavorable climatic conditions. The diameter of the bush reaches 2 m, height - 1.5 m. The growth is rather thick, it needs periodic thinning. Berries are relatively large, most often sweet. The adult berry bush of yoshty is not attacked by spider mites, anthracosis, etc.
Joshta Rext is a variety of gooseberries hybrid, which isfor many gardeners a real decoration of the homestead territory. Shrub Rex is characterized by its original appearance and high fertility. The berries, as a rule, are of a cinnamon-amber color with a pattern, characteristic gooseberry, and a stunning sweet taste.
Separately isolate yoshty varieties for the Moscow region andmiddle belt (Nizhny Novgorod and Nizhny Novgorod region) does not make sense. Virtually all of the above hybrids can be actively grown and propagated in a temperate climate.
More information and a description of how to grow a yosht shrub, how to care for it and how to buy, look in the video:
