Refrigerator repair by own hands
Repair of the refrigerator if anyit is desirable to trust faults to professional masters, but a number of faults can be identified and even repaired independently. On how to repair the refrigerator with their own hands, the Country of Soviets will tell.
The sequence of actions to identify malfunctions is considered for compressor refrigerators without the NoFrost system.
Refrigerator - one of the most important householdelectrical appliances in the house of each of us, so even a daily "simple" refrigerator can turn into a lot of problems. The list of the most common possible problems includes the following:
the refrigerator does not turn on
The refrigerator works, but does not "freeze"
the refrigerator weakly "freezes"
the refrigerator strongly "freezes"
To begin with, you should remember the principle of workrefrigerator. Comprises a refrigerator from a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, connected by tubes. The so-called refrigerant circulates through the hermetic system of pipes, i.e. gas, which has a low boiling point and evaporation: upon expansion, it absorbs heat from the environment, and upon subsequent compression - gives it away by condensation. In most household refrigerators refrigerants are refrigerants, industrial refrigeration units often use ammonia.
The refrigerant in the gaseous state comes fromthe evaporator to the motor-compressor, where it is compressed, and then fed to the condenser. In the condenser, the refrigerant, heated by compression, cools and becomes liquid.
The liquid refrigerant under pressure enters thecapillary tubes, and then into the internal cavity of the evaporator, as a result of which, after expansion and transition to a gaseous state absorbs heat from the walls of the evaporator. The interior of the refrigerator chamber is thus cooled.
The cycle will be repeated until the sensorsThe temperature in the refrigerator compartment does not fix the desired temperature (it is set on the thermostat). After that, the thermostat opens the electric circuit and the compressor turns off (to save power consumption). When the temperature in the refrigerating compartment increases due to various external influences, the cycle is repeated again.
The refrigerator does not turn on
For proper operation of the refrigerator, the supplythe voltage should be in the range of 200-240 V, otherwise the safety mechanisms of this appliance will operate. Therefore, before checking for a fault, check the voltage level in the mains. The check is carried out by a special measuring instrument with a voltmeter or with a universal multimeter (tester). Having installed the test leads to the contacts of the electrical outlet (to hold only for isolated parts of the test leads!), You can find out the supply voltage in the network.
If the mains voltage isthe possible cause of the malfunction is a malfunctioning plug or a faulty power cord. Replacing these elements with new ones should solve the problem.
If the voltage indicator light is on, thenthe cord and plug are not damaged, the thermostat must be checked. It is necessary to find two wires that are suitable for the thermoregulator, and, having removed from the terminals, close them together. If after this operation the refrigerator has started to work, it is enough to replace the thermostat to continue the normal operation of the refrigerator.
If the thermostat is OK, it is necessary to check the defrost button of the refrigerator, if present, in the same way.
If previous measures did not help, thencheck also other elements of the electric circuit of the refrigerator. Using an ohmmeter, it is necessary to "ring" the starting and protective relay of the refrigerator (sometimes the relay is assembled in one housing). If an open is detected, replace the defective part.
The motor compressor is the most important elementrefrigerator, if it is defective, then, as a rule, its full replacement is required. The repair of the refrigerator by one's own hands in the event of a compressor breakdown is impossible - it is only the master professional who can properly select and install a new compressor.
The refrigerator works, but does not "freeze"
Such consequences are typical for several types of faults: leakage of freon, disruption of the thermostat, malfunction of the motor-compressor.
When Freon leakage, the capacitor, which is normalmust be heated (up to 70 ° C), remains cold even with prolonged operation of the compressor. Detecting the place of leakage of freon is difficult - it is necessary to drain the refrigerant from the system and pressurize the air into the system under pressure. At the point of leakage, the jet of air will be noticeable. The problem will be solved by refueling the refrigerator with refrigerant and sealing the place of leakage - it is necessary to call the master.
If there is a suspicion of a malfunction of the thermostat, it must be replaced with a known good condition and evaluated the result of the operation. Defective thermostat replace or return to the adjustment.
Malfunction of the motor-compressor can be determined and eliminated only by a specialist.
If the refrigerator "freezes", but weakly, then, perhaps, there is already a previously described malfunction of the thermostat. Actions in this case are similar to those described above.
Also, a weak "frost" may be a consequence ofdepressurization of the refrigerating chamber - the sealing rubber on the door has lost its shape and elasticity. In this case, warm air from the outside can enter the cooling chamber, which reduces the performance of the compressor. Shabby "rubber" should be replaced.
Disruption of the refrigerator when the refrigeratorstrongly "freezes", can be caused by improper adjustment of the thermostat - it is enough to set the thermostat knob to the "higher" temperature and the problem is solved.
The described faults do not cover alllist of possible malfunctions in the refrigerator. The repair of the refrigerator with its own hands becomes more complicated if the refrigerator is equipped with control microcircuits, etc. Only specialists can help in this case.
