Growing champignons in the home

To grow champignons at hometurned into a business, you need to have a special cool room with very moist air. Even the beginner can create the necessary conditions for cultivation of champignons, having carefully read this article.

Growing champignons in the home: substrate

In fact, the main difficulty in champignonbusiness is to create a substrate. The success of your business idea depends on the quality of the nutrient medium. Therefore, all the instructions given must be 100% fulfilled.

Everyone knows the compost - the basis of the substrate. It is prepared from a combination of horse manure (75-80%) and straw cereals (wheat or winter).

Pay attention: bird feces or cow dung, if there is no horse, but in this case the yield will be lower.

The substratum needs open air and a canopy, like protection from rain and sun. This is important because the components wander, releasing carbon dioxide and ammonia, these gases will be eroded.

Growing champignons in the home

The composition of the substrate includes mineral fertilizers. To form a mycelium with an area of 2.5-3 square meters, it is necessary to prepare 100 kg of straw, 2 kg of urea, manure, 2 kg of superphosphate, 5 kg of chalk and 8 kg of gypsum. From such a number of components you will receive about 300 kg of substrate.

The technology of creating a substrate is this: Firstly, in normal water, the straw is soaked for a day, and then it is transferred layer by layer. In the process of repositioning, water is added, as well as 2 kg of urea and 0.5 kg of superphosphate. The resulting substance is mixed four times, after which all other components are added. Then everything is mixed again and left for fermentation. The resulting stack has the following parameters: height and length of 1.5 m, width - 1.2 m.

Having done everything right, after about 20 days you will get an ideal nutrient medium for growing champignons at home.

Growing champignons in the home

Technology of growing mushrooms in the home: mycelium

Your future harvest depends not only on thesubstrate, but also from the mycelium, i.e. the mycelium itself. It should be sterile, grown in special laboratories. Mycelium is divided into two types - grain and compost. The first is packaged in polyethylene bags, stored up to six months, its consumption is approximately 400 g per 1 square meter of planting area. The second mycelium - composted - is stored in glass jars. Depending on the temperature can be stored from 20 days to a year, it reacts less to negative external influences, its consumption is 500 g per 1 sq. M. Of area. A disadvantage may be considered a lower yield.

Before planting a mycelium, the substratepasteurized. When he is ready, he springs at hand. After heat treatment, compost must be cooled, pour into boxes 25-30 cm - and you can start inoculation.

For this, a cereal or composting myceliumlay in small holes 4-5 cm deep. The wells should be placed in a chessboard. After planting, you need to monitor the humidity - up to 95%. For this purpose, the boxes are covered with burlap or paper, and sprayed from above.

Pay attention: no water should fall into the substrate or the mushroom itself.

Growing champignons in the home

It is necessary to check the temperature of the substrate - it should not deviate from 20-27 degrees. In this case, the room should either be ventilated or heated.

After 1-1,5 weeks, the mycelium falls asleepsurface soil (about 3.4 cm), after another 5 days in the cellar, the temperature should be lowered to 12-17 degrees. Accurate regular watering of the soil (not the substrate!), Venting the room without drafts - the components of a successful mushroom season.

The first harvest can be collected after 3-4month. Mushrooms should not be cut off - they are twisted, and the hole is sprinkled with soil and watered a little. From each meter of a square area it is possible to collect from 5 to 12 kg of champignons.