Troubleshooting electrical wiring with your own hands
In everyday life, one often has to deal withreplacement of blown bulbs, replacement of outlets and switches, to understand why the vacuum cleaner, kettle, microwave oven suddenly stopped working. To fix the problem, first find out the reason that caused it. Therefore, the repair of electrical wiring and electrical household appliances always begins with diagnostics.
The failure of a household appliance can be caused short circuit, damage to the wire, damage to the outlet orswitch, a malfunction in the device itself. A special residual current device signals a short circuit. If there is a shortage, the electric current is stopped.
On electric counters of the old sample, inwhich use ceramic plugs, there is no such protective device. Corks begin to spark and in this case independent actions are very dangerous. It is urgent to call an electrician to turn off the electricity in the common panel building and eliminate the breakdown.
And still some faults in case of a short circuit in the wiring can be eliminated by yourself. The switch must be off! A hot spot can be detected by overheatingwires in a certain place, sparking, burning. Independently, you can easily fix the problem if two wires are accidentally connected. It is enough just to separate these wires and isolate them from each other.
Heating and sparking of the outlet will also indicatebreakdown. In case there are no visible signs of a malfunction, the indicator screwdriver is useful. If the light is on, then the wiring is in order, the breakdown should be sought in the household appliance. And if the light does not light up, the cable is damaged somewhere.
Always use extreme caution when using the indicator screwdriver! Unintentionally touching the working surface of the screwdriver directly to the two wires, you will provoke a short circuit.
Independently to find and eliminate a break inin some cases, you can open the wiring yourself. To do this, connect the damaged wires, while ensuring a reliable contact. After this, the joint should be carefully insulated.
Connect the wires either using terminals, or by soldering. Before connecting, the ends of the wires should be properly cleaned from the insulation, using a knife or a side cutter for this. The terminals are screwed, in both of them wires are inserted, which are then clamped with screws. An obligatory condition of connection by means of such device: the wires must not touch each other. And there are spring terminals, which fix the wires with spring clips.
Solder wires to each other at home can not always be. This method is suitable only for copper wires in cases where the connection is not possible by terminals, for example, due to the insufficient length of the open section of the wire. Solder the wires in three ways: joining the butt, overlapping and twisting.
Broken Sockets, plugs and switches better not even try to repair yourself. It is more expedient to replace them with new ones.
Remember that before any work with electricity, it is necessary to switch off the electric current on the switchboard! Usually there are several buttons on theare responsible for supplying electricity to one or another part of the premises. Knowing which button is responsible for a certain room or several rooms, you can turn off the current only in the required room. If there are no corresponding indicators on the shield, then you can mark the switches yourself.
