Child development in 1 year

When a child turns a year, the period of infancy ends and childhood begins. This important stage in the development of the childis accompanied by the so-called crisis of the first year of life. The child becomes more independent, begins to actively explore the surrounding world and people. But in doing so, it still largely depends on adults, which can be expressed in hypertrophied attachment to the mother. A one-year-old can begin to show disobedience, be capricious, be obstinate.

Naturally, each child has his own individual development rates. However, there are age range, determining what should be the normal development of the child in 1 year. If certain functions or skills are not formed in a child at a certain age, they speak of a delay in development. What should a child be able to do in one year?

Let's start with physical development. At this age the child should be able to sit freely, crawl well, back off, climb on furniture, sit well in a child's chair and try to get off the high chair. The one-year-old child himself gets on his feet and takes the first steps with the support of. He possesses the desire to be able to walk, and if he already knows how, he will do this as much as possible, so he has a desire to know the world.

Developed and fine motor skills: the child begins to miss small itemswith your fingertips. He can drag the captured items into his mouth, and when they get bored with him - throw to the floor and go in search of something else interesting. The kid himself opens the doors and pushes drawers of nightstands and cabinets, to which he can reach, pulls out items from there. For these reasons One-year-old child can not be left unattended: he can easily get hurt, get hurt, swallow a small object, etc.

Also at the age of one year the child develops skills of conscious manipulation of objects. The child begins to use himselfvarious household items (a spoon, a cup, a comb, a toothbrush, etc.) and take food (although so far slowly and not too neatly). Toys that simulate household items (say, utensils), he uses by purpose in simple story games. When dressing, the kid helps an adult: he himself looks for the sleeve with his hand, puts a foot in the shoes, etc.

Now let's move on to mental development of the child in 1 year. At this age, speech begins to form. Usually by the first year of life a child can pronounce about five simple disyllabic words, although for the most part his speech resembles an interjection. But a one-year-old child should have a well-developed passive speech: he must distinguish close people not only by persons, but also by names, and also correctly follow simple instructions.

At the age of one year the child actively expresses emotions and demonstrates feelings - both positive and negative. He begins to behave differently with different people. A one-year-old has already had his favorite and unloved classes, clearly expressed interests.

Games that the kid likes to play are gradually becoming more complicated: he loves playing dice, putting themone on another, master simple story games. Also, the child begins to show interest in subjects and is interested in their device, plays with household items (shoes, clothes, dishes, "talk" on the phone), and tries to draw. During the games the child can "talk" with toys and objects, and while drawing, tries to comment on the process.

What should alert parents to the behavior of a one-year-old child? It is worth considering whether your child has a delay in development, if by the end of the first year of life he:

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  he does not know how to crawl on all fours;
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  is unable to take several steps with the support of an adult;
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  Can not give an adult toy or hold two small cubes with one hand;
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  does not even speak simple disyllabic words, is unable to fulfill a simple request;
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  can not eat by his own spoon;
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  Do not grimace, if he sees his reflection in the mirror.

Remember: The development of the child will go at a normal pace if you help him. Play with the child, communicate with him, pay attention to him, perform special exercises, and then the development of the child in 1 year will correspond to the age norms.